Cost of Solar Power in India – Over Rs 15 per KWh
By Narsi Santhanam • Jul 12th, 2009 • Category: Uncategorized
By now, anyone who has been reading about renewable energy in India would have heard about India’s National Solar Mission, which “envisages an installed solar generation capacity of 20,000 MW by 2020, 1,00,000 MW by 2030 and of 2,00,000 MW by 2050.”. This is from a current installed capacity of next to nothing! Oh well, and they plan to tax fossil fuels (gasoline and diesel) for this, or so we are told. Though the amount of money generated from such taxation alone might not be enough to fund the massive amounts that will be required for the high feed-in-tariffs expected for solar based power generation.
All these awesome ambitions are fine, but what exactly is the reality with regard to the cost of solar energy in India? It is common knowledge that solar power costs more; what is not well known is that it costs much more than coal-based (or natural gas based) electricity.
Levelized Costs for Renewable Power
“Coal-based and natural gas-based power cost anywhere between Rs 2 and 3 per KWh; wind-based power costs slightly more – around Rs 3-3.2. Solar-based power currently costs over Rs 15 per KWh – this is for solar PV. Solar thermal costs about 2 rupees less per kWh. (Now, this number of Rs 15 is going to be contested, I can wager on that! There are folks who would venture as low as Rs 10, but I think it is unlikely it could be lower than Rs 12 at no-subsidy level, as of mid 2009).
All the above mentioned costs are the levelized costs – they take into account all direct and indirect costs, including amortization of capital costs.
Reasons for High Costs
The primary reason for the high cost of solar power is the high capital cost. Currently, it costs about Rs 15 crores per MW of capital cost for a solar PV power plant (MNRE has taken a benchmark capex of Rs 16 crores). About 50% of this cost is owing to the cost of the panels and the rest are for balance of systems (inverters, transformers, monitoring systems, wires and cables etc), the civil support infrastructure and the cost of installation. Among the balance of systems, inverters contribute the highest cost component, at about Rs 2.5 crores per MW.
The good news is, the cost of solar panels are showing dramatic decreases year on year. The bad news is, the balance of systems are not.
So, solar (both PV and thermal) is 3-4 times as costly as wind. That’ll indeed be a bit of a shocker to many. This will make many wonder why the government is so much more aspirational on the solar front, when they should have been at least equally ambitious about wind.
Reasons for the Solar Focus
1. Solar is more predictable than wind
2. It makes more sense to combine both solar and wind in renewables mix because some areas might have significant sunlight while some others have significant wind (but not that as much sunlight)
3. The total potential for wind energy for India is estimated at 45000 MW. This is only about 25% of current total electricity capacity for India. If these estimates are correct, wind alone cannot supply all of India’s renewable electricity (By the way, I don’t subscribe to the 45GW number, I think it is far higher than that…the 45GW potential was estimated in the early 80s when the turbines were of much smaller sizes and at much lower heights).
4. On the other hand, India is blessed significant amounts of land areas having good sunshine for over 300 days a year. If solar (either in the form of PV or thermal) becomes cost effective, the entire country’s electricity needs can be fully met from solar alone!
The costs of solar energy are indeed coming down (current capital costs are about $4 million per MW), but the question is, how long will it take before capital costs come down enough in order to make electricity generation costs competitive to coal, natural gas and wind. (here is some hope – Indian govt is working with IITs to come up with hybrid solutions; and perhaps this work from Tata BP Solar could help too).
Solar Energy Grid Parity
There are some who predict that solar PV will achieve grid parity by latest 2020 in India. Grid parity is a term that describes a situation where the cost of the alternative source of power (in this case solar PV) is the same as that of the grid power derived from traditional fossil sources such as coal and natural gas. Grid parity by 2020 might not be just a hope, because at the current rates of solar panel prices decrease and the expected increases in prices of coal and natural gas based electric power, with one curve going down fast and the other up equally fast, the parity might be achieved sooner than one might be inclined to think. (some interesting articles and insights on solar grid parity here, here, here and here).
Just imagine the day when solar achieves grid parity. It might be far from where we stand today, but a renewable energy source that can supply power at an affordable price could be very interesting indeed. One question that arises in my mind is whether solar could also become a baseload power source once it achieves grid parity. The answer to this might not be a resounding “yes”, because we need efficient and cost-effective energy storage systems in place for solar (be it PV or thermal) to become suitable for baseload supply. Solar can supply energy only for 4-5 hours a day, but we need electricity all through the day (which is today supplied by baseload sources such as coal, natural gas and hydro-power). In order for solar to be able to supply power throughout the day and night, the sun’s energy captured during the day needs to be stored effectively. And energy storage is one area where, despite significant R&D money and a huge list of brilliant minds, disruptive developments have been hard to come by. So, while we might have grid parity for solar within the next 10 years, we may have to wait longer for solar to become the only (or dominant) electricity generator for our homes and offices.
And What about Wind?
At any rate, I feel the government of India should give much higher thrust to wind energy as well – given that it is a far more mature technology, we already have over 10,000 MW installed capacity, and one of the top 5 global wind turbines manufacturers is Indian! In addition, as I have mentioned earlier, the total potential for wind energy in India is expected to be much higher than 45,000 MW because that is an old estimate, done way back in the early nineties! With larger and more efficient turbines that operate at higher altitudes, recent estimates suggest that the potential for wind power could be more than 100,000 MW. And this does not include the potential for offshore wind.
Wind does suffer from a particular disadvantage that afflicts solar – the power is intermittent and it is costly to store it. Which means wind cannot serve as a source of baseload power for the foreseeable future (4-5 years). But, it costs much less, already has over 150 GW of installed capacity worldwide and about 10 GW in India alone and has a reasonably good manufacturing ecosystem in India with one of the world’s top 5 wind turbine manufacturer being India. These alone would merit a closer attention to this sector, wouldn’t you think?
Related posts:
About the Author
Narasimhan (Narsi) has extensive experience in understanding renewable energy markets and strategic levers for success in these markets. His special focus has been his work on the Indian renewable energy industry. His work in the previous 15 years have spanned market and industry research, product management and international sales, and strategic consulting. see more http://www.eai.in/ref/team/ns.html
More details about the author is available here
Other posts by Narsi Santhanam
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This is Ajay Jha from Kathmandu Nepal, we are palning to start Solar Power System in Nepal, and we can go with Partnership also. So please provide me the concern person's name and contact no.
You can also reach me @ Ajay.jha22@gmail.com or 00977-9804825108,0999779808395943.
Regards
Ajay
We w’d like to market solar home lights in a resonable rate. Would you plz provide the rate of 5W to 15W panel rate.
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Dear all, recently i heard in kolkata a hole apartments runs under Solar Energy electricity, is it possible, if it could anyone help me to install it in my individual home ..
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Hello,
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Wating for your Reply.
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Dear Sir, Kindly send details about implementing a solar farm in my village, where the power is inadequate for my people
Just thought I’d update…there are some brave predictions that solar energy will cost less than coal within the next 5 years – http://bit.ly/D29EO – I think 5 years is way too optimistic…10 years is more like it
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contact
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I was going through the comments on the blog. Thanks for putting up such a nice discussion on solar energy. In general Indian market is not ripe for solar home installation at this point. Government needs to step in and take some bold steps. The way home installation operates is that you install panels (size is determined by available usable space for panels – the space should be able to host panels facing solar south without shading and cost of system) the output of panels goes in combiner to a optional charge controller to battery to DC-AC inverter and then to mains supply. In western world two things diiferentiate implementaions 1) their is no need for battery and 2) you can use grid as your storage as they have net meetring laws
Solar in general is much more expensive then normal power but having battery backup makes it much more expebsive then normal power. In Indian conditions I would say battery backup is a must.
Government has plans for 10 MW of capacity which will funded inpart by government and MNRE will come out with details guidelines this year but 10 MW is too small for size of India to make any reasonale difference or widespead adopation.
1) You will need to implement battery backup and/or multi osurce system which will increase costs. A guess is Rs200.00 -300.00 per watt.
2) In Indian conditions rough estimate is that 1Watt dc will produce 1.5-1.6 Wh of energy
3) 1000 watt installtion will need 70-100 sqft of usable space.
You can calculate the capital layout your self by first finding out
I am not sure but I think GOI pays Rs 90.00 per watt as subsidy through MNRE, if someone can verify that will be great.
1) your annual energy consumption form your bill in kWh units.
2) See how much watt system you should install by diving the kWH units /1.5 or 1.6 and that the size of your system in KWatts.
3) calculate how much is it going to cost by multiplying by 250 per watt cost. A KW (KilloWatt) is 1000 Watts.
4) Check if you the usable space available for that size of system.
5) if you dont have space or enough capacity to spend that much capital rework the numbers by using a smaller number for system capacity.
6) you can calculate the cost of electrity saved by multiplying total KWH generated with cost of electricity you currently pay.
7) The system once installed will have a life of 25-40 years. Battery will need maintenence and replacement lets say every 5 years and inverter may last 20 years but is warranted for 10 years so atleast plan for 1 replacement in the middel of system’s useful life.
Finally if you want to get the system installed, look for company who seems relaible and will be there to fulfill warranties and there are not too many doing this as there are hardly any installations anywhere.
Please add and ask if you still have questions. I can be reached at jai@landmark-technologies.com.
I hope this is helpful.
Thanks
Thanks,
This is Rahul SIngh from Delhi, I would like to put Solar panels at my residence in Bihar as an alternate source of energy, can you please provide which company can provide us with the solution and the products for same.
Kindly provide me solar panel proce list I have to install a solar system at my Home.
This is mithun bhardwaj from jaipur , rajasthan , i am palning to start Solar Power System in jaipur . So please provide me the concern person’s name and contact no.
and plz give me an idea how much investment in this project………
Hello,
I want the complete quotation of solar electricity to my house, So if you are a supplier of solar electricity please send me the quotation to my given email address with go price.
mailtoumr@gmail.com
hai im mustafa dada iwas in kuwait and im interested to know about solar power in feater is a great source of electric use for home i want to install solar power at my home roof pls let me know coast about 1000volt and it is a good for business also
Hi, This is saleem from chennai, India. we have a very good orders and enquiries for solar power for small & medium organizations, hence we are planning to start Solar Power System in chennai. We request the interested parties may contact us for further discussions. we will be happy for partnership, representation etc. So please provide me the concern person’s name and contact no.
You can also reach me on ftsaleem@gmail.com
saleem
solar energy is a need of the world
Hi this is amit I am a diploma student. in the world the use of solar energy is very low.therefore we have to try to most people use yhe solar eqipment solar enegy isthe need of next generation.
Hello,
I want the complete quotation of solar electricity to my house, So if you are a supplier of solar electricity please send me the quotation to my given email address with go price. and also provide me the name of concern person with email id by which i get further information in this regards
I AM CHENNAI .I NEED COMPLETE QUOTATION FOR POWERING SOLAR POWER FOR MY HOWE.WE GOT CONSTANT SUNLIGHT THROUGH THE YEAR. SEND YOUR REPLY TO promisenarayanan2002@gmail.com
You may also use this website to compute the cost of solar panels
If u have any query regarding SOLAR PEODUCT / PRICE / SUBSIDY / Availibility of procudt. Pl. send me mail : alkesh_patel_s@yahoo.com
Hi there,
I wish to put solar panel for my ware house. The power is some where around 45 kw.
and for my home…… 8 tube lights + 1 TV + 1 Fridge + 4 fans + 1 Computer + 1 AC
please send me the quotation.
Regards,
Hi,
I want yo install solar power panels for my house having 5 tube lights,1 computer,3 fans,1 AC,1TV,1fridge and other small items approximately consuming around 50kw. what may be the estimated cost of equipment including batteries,cables,inverter and other misc items.We have constant sunlight almost throughout the year.
please send the information to pandu6091@gmail.com
Thanks in advance…
Hi
I want yo install solar power panels for my house having 5 tube lights,1 computer,3 fans,1 AC,1TV,1fridge and other small items approximately consuming around 50kw. what may be the estimated cost of equipment including batteries,cables,inverter and other misc items.
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Hi
I want yo install solar power panels for my house having 5 tube lights,2 computers and printer,3 fans, and other small items approximately . what may be the estimated cost of equipment including batteries,cables,inverter and other misc items.
nagakishores@rediffmail.com
please tell me the details regarding solor or the wind power for a residential home..
at present my house having battery back up system i would like to use solar energy for charging the battery can any one help
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hi
I want a complete solution for my home. something by which i can run a fan a computer and a tube light
kindly give me the quatation in my mail id
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regards
Tarakeshwar prasad
Energy-XS is quoting Wind / Solar hybrids @Rs. 180/- per watt, you must check them out.
sir i want to install sollar power inverter at my hom in ludhiana pls give me guidance like as deelar, charges etc.
thank you all,
i got maximum information here.
but i too want to install solar panels for simple house hold (1 Tube+ 1 Fan+1 T.V).
but here I’m not able to have contact details.
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if any dealers to provide services please contact:
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Hello Narsi,
Thanks a ton for nice article about solar energy.
Can you kindly send me proposal for 4KVA system. I wan’t to use this for our development center near Kanpur.
expecting quick response.
Warm Regards
Raj Gahlot
Hello sir, My Name is Saleem jani i am from Guntur, Andhrapradesh, i want to know about soler price for my home uses.
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Hello sir, My Name is Saleem jani i am from Guntur, Andhrapradesh, i want to know about soler price for my home uses.
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HI,
I am not sure If this would be the right place to ask for the information. But we are few enthusiasts in US and India. We are looking at possible options of Solar energy in India. We would like to discuss some opportunities in detail. If you or anyone else is interested. Please contact me at vineetbindal@gmail.com
whoever is asking for estimate price of solar installation can go to
http://cgi.ebay.in/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=160351119323 to get an rough idea. By no mean I am related to the provided link , just got it on the way of seeking similar information.
dear,
kindly tell us the price for home uses. contact me if any executive is there.
09894138884, mdsamsudn@gmail.com
I would like to put Solar panels at my residence as an alternate source of energy. For One TV and one light. can you please provide which company can provide us with the solution and the products for same. and what will be cost.
Dear Renewable Energy Enthusiasts,
This is a very interesting and useful forum. I just wish to make a contribution by providing some updates from my own experiences and experiments. We live in Patiala (Punjab) and faced acute power cuts in 2009. I was always a fan of Solar Photovoltaic systems and had made provisions for routing wires etc. for the same way back in 1999 at the time of construction of house. The experiences of this experiment are as under:
PROCUREMENT: In 2009, I contacted many companies (viz. TATA BP Solar, Microtek and Su-Kam) but they either did not have any product ready or had prohibitive prices, coupled with lack of flexibility (in terms of deferring procurement of SPV modules in part) or technical support to help carry out cost analysis etc. However, in May 2010, we received favourable response from Su-Kam finally placed an order of 3KW (in 48V config.; having integrated 40A charge controller and battery equalizer) Solar Power Conditioning Unit with Su-Kam and released an advance payment of Rs. 1,54,000/-, which included charges of Rs. 19,000/- towards accessories and installation. The system included 4 nos. 180AH batteries (Su Kam SBT 1800) along with just one SPV array (of 4 nos. 80W x 12V, each costing around Rs. 12,000) and was installed in July 2010. Since just one array was too small for the system, we soon procured another 4 SPV modules of TATA BP make (Each uncoated multicrystalline 80W panel costing Rs. 13,700/- including taxes etc.), followed by 8 modules from Udhaya Photovoltaics, Coimbatore (Costing around Rs. 8,000/- per 80W panel after taxes). Among all these brands, I would rate TATA BP Solar modules as the best choice in terms of power output as well as workmanship.
INSTALLATION: The system would be useful in a very limited manner if the loads (i.e., entire circuits) cannot be connected or disconnected as and when required. Accordingly, we made all connections through 3-way DP swicthes, by virtue of which, any load can be conveniently put either on grid or attached to the solar system.
OPERATIONS AND OUTPUT: With these 16 modules (arranged in 4 arrays of 4 panels of 80W each), the power output obtained is around 4 kWh per day during winters, while it reaches 6 to 7 kWh per day during summers. During day time in summers, the system is normally used for running a refrigerator and 2 fans and lights etc. for 10 to 17 hours, along with a small (0.8 Ton Whirlpool OR 1.1 Ton Hitachi Summer QC) for 4 to 6 hours.
CARBON FOOTPRINT AND ECONOMICS: Since our energy consumtion during summers is around 20-30 kWh per day, the solar system is providing nearly 25% cut on the bill. This can be made slightly more than double by installing further SPV modules, so that the total capacity of solar panels becomes 2KW. Additionally, some panels can also be mounted in slightly different orientations, so as to increase the time of peak power output. As per our calculations, an investment of Rs. 5,00,000/- (which would include 32 to 36 SPV modules of 80W x 12V) will lead to return of 12 – 14 kWh during summers, which is equivalent to 50% of summer load of 24 kWh; while the system would generate around 8 kWh during winters, which is equivalent to 80% load during winters (We also operate LG 27 Ltr microwave oven, food processor, Philips electric iron, as well as 2KW electric water heaters on this system during winters – one at a time). Given the fact that power in our region comes from Thermal Power Plant near Ropar, we save on substantial amounts of our carbon footprint.
FUTURE PLANS: The future plans include partial replacement of LPG fuel by means of 2KW induction heater, along with solar cooker.
In case of any queries, please feel free to write at brsaini@gmail.com
With regards and best wishes in your noble endeavours,
BS Saini
Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab)
i m interested in soar energy plant installation in my home,at bhopal so please send the complete quotation of solar electricity to my house near 2KW, So if you are a supplier of solar electricity please send me the quotation to my given email address with price. y2.rahul@rediffmail.com
Hello,
I am Planing to Install Solar Panel at My Home in Gujarat at Surat .Can U Please Help me with some Details.can pls provide me information for further steps.
Wating for your Reply.
9825207907
Hello,
I am Planing to Install Solar Panel at My Home in Gujarat at Surat .Can U Please Help me with some Details.can pls provide me information for further steps.
Wating for your Reply.
maheshpadvi@yahoo.co.in
9825207907
Dear Sir/ Madam,
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ALFRED L.MARK
LEE-CON CONSULTS LTD.
leeconconsults@yahoo.com
Tel: 2347041991051
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am muthumanickam i request for qutation the solar panels and batteries details .
my home installed the 7-FL (40watts)+5 ceiling fan (80w)+ 1grinder + 1 bridge 220lt + 1- table fan + 1 computer + 2 tv+ 2 home theater (5000w)
i request for quatation for using the solar system .
pls send the mail id : muthumanickam487@gmail.com
cell no:9842513014 , 9976586572 , 9500231517
hai
i want information about solar and wind power
maintenance and problems when we are using these systems
if any body have any price details ( 5 tube lights+ 3 fans+ 2 tv + 1 refrigerator + 1 computer + 2 hp motor and few electronic goods)
pl send me mail : bhaskarpalukuru@yahoo.com
Dear Cols,
We Solusunz can support you people to reduce Global warming by means of implementing Solar Power. But be ready it needs you to invest money for your needs. You can under stand your power requirement if you call 8th std student and explain him about your electrical appliances usages and its power.
Calculate your total load requirement per day and divide it by 4. It is your solar power system requirement. It costs you merely about Rs. 400 – 200/ System watt depending upon the system size.
If you need daily 500W then your system size is 500/4 = 125W * Rs.400 = Rs. 50000 / System. System includes Panel/battery/Controller/Cables and few appliances.
Details can be elaborated if you are financially ready to invest on solar system.
Syed Moosa Abuthagir I Managing Director
SOLUSUNZ india
#84, Mecricar Road, R.S.Puram
Coimbatore – 641002
Ph : +91 422 4367523
Mo: +91 98653 15716
info@solusunz.com, http://www.solusunz.com
the day, enlighten to seek bounty
We are Assembling solar panels in (Gujarat, Vadodara). We undertake solar power projects.
We can supply solar panel at very cheap rate.
We are giving solar water pumping system for small house use up to 25 to 35 feet height in just Rs.7500/- (including solar panel and solar pump).
We are also dealing in solar home lighting system.
Please contact us at hiren_hnv@yahoo.com
Contact no- 09824165520
Dear friends
present efficiency of the silicon cell is around 12 to 15 percent. Multijunction solar cells are now getting gear up. The efficiency is 1round 35%, but very costly. So, better for some more time. Till then solar power harnessing is dearer only.
R Vasudevan
09901515687
Photovoltaic scientist
Dear all,
We are planning to develop 1MW solar PV plant in Gujarat. So any can please give quotation of its …
such how many panel are required , cost of each panel , installation charge etc…..
contact me on
M: 9909814899
Id: gk.patel007@yahoo.com
Hi,
I need quotation for
1. 2fan + 2 lights + 1 Tv
2. 4 fans + 4 Lights + 2 TVs + 1 PC
Backup : 1. 4 hours
2. 6 hours
3. 2 hours
This is santosh sawant from Nalasopara (Mumbai),
I would like to put Solar panels at my residence as an alternate source of energy, can you please provide which company can provide us with the solution and the products for same.
If you are providing the product and service then please send the quotation my electricity requirement is around 200 units per Month.
Please revert on my mail ID : sawantsantosh87@gmail.com
Hello,
I want the complite quatation of solar electricity to my house, So if you are a supplier of solar electricity pleace send me the quatation to my given email address with go price.
sanjay7682@gmail.com
Since my last post I have recieved a large number of emails. If you are looking to setup a plant, you should keep an eye on JNSM run by NVVN a NTPC Company, MNRE Minstry and State Energy Development Agencies (every state has one) like Gujarat Energy Development Agency (GEDA) for opportunities to participate in their RFPs because you need some one to buy the power produced and pay a good rate for that. Once you see a opportunity is open, you will need to work with Solar EPC consulting company to make a bid. It has a lot of competition and its not a one person thing. I am explaining the general concept so as to give a better idea about how solar works. Lets take 1 MW capacity.
1 MW = 1000KW = 1,000,000W
if you choose a 200 watt solar panel you will need
1,000,000/200 panels =5000 panels. Find names of panel manufacturers in google
and call them to find out how much it costs. I think 100 Rs for each Watt is a good installed price.
Now if Avg Solar Insolation is 5 hrs in the area where you are setting up and
lets assume 80% ( it could be upto 90%) efficiency for whole installed system.
1,000,000*.80 = 800,000 * 5 = 4,000,000 Wh electrical units per day or 4000kWh electricity units.
or 4000* 365= 1460,000 kWh. These kWh will be sold to govt at some rate lets say
Rs 10 per unit or per kWh and every year total will be 1460,000*10 = 14,600,000 Rs
You can apply same logic for home installation except no one will pay you for units but you will avoid buying units from the electricity company and teh cost will be highr for system as you may have to include battery storage for storing the daytime units and use them at night or when there is no supply from electricity comany. MNRE and some state governments (like Delhi) are working on how to connect home systems to grid and adjust or pay for the extra units produced by home systems
Thanks,
Jai Parkash
http://www.landmarksolarsystems.com
i need install solar system on my home up to 500w please contect
i need install solar system on my home up to 500w please contect 09451894743/sanjivansingh078@gmail.com
Hi, i want the complete information about the solar energy(electricity) to my house.please give me the details about cost,instaling charges.etc,,,
This is hare ram from Delhi, I would like to put Solar panels at my residence in Bihar as an alternate source of energy, can you please provide which company can provide us with the solution and the products for same.
hai
i want information about solar and wind power
maintenance and problems when we are using these systems
if any body have any price details (3 tube lights+ 1 fan )