Geothermal energy harnesses the heat stored beneath the Earth's surface for heating and power generation. While globally, geothermal power generation capacity reached about 16 GW by the end of 2023, the utilization of geothermal energy varies significantly by region. Leading countries in geothermal power generation include the USA, Indonesia, the Philippines, Turkey, and New Zealand. Although geothermal heating is more widely used, geothermal power generation in India has not yet been fully explored and developed. However, with its potential for providing a steady and reliable source of clean energy, geothermal energy presents an exciting avenue for India's decarbonization efforts.
India's geothermal potential is significant, with promising sites identified in regions such as the Himalayan geothermal belt, the volcanic arc of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the Cambay graben in Gujarat. India's Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) estimates a geothermal potential of around 10 GW.
India has identified about 340 geothermal hot springs across the country, with an estimated 10,600 MW of geothermal potential, predominantly in regions like Gujarat, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and the Himalayan region.
Geothermal Power Generation
Geothermal Heating and Cooling
Tattapani, Chhattisgarh
India, with its diverse geography and significant energy needs, has the potential to harness geothermal energy as a part of its decarbonization strategy. Although currently underutilized, geothermal energy can contribute to India's sustainable energy mix, particularly in regions with favorable geothermal resources.
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